Consider two functions f : ℝ → ℝ and g : ℝ → (1, ∞) . Both functions are differentiable at a point c. Which of the following functions is/are ALWAYS differentiable at c? The symbol · denotes product and the symbol ∘ denotes composition of functions.

A.

f ± g

B.

f · g

C.

fg

D.

f ∘ g + g ∘ f 

Solution:

Given:

  • f:R→Rf: \mathbb{R} \rightarrow \mathbb{R}

  • g:R→(1,∞)g: \mathbb{R} \rightarrow (1, \infty)

  • Both ff and gg are differentiable at a point c∈Rc \in \mathbb{R}.

  • We are to find which of the following functions is/are always differentiable at cc.


Option (A): f±gf \pm g

  • The sum and difference of two differentiable functions are always differentiable.
    ✅ Correct


Option (B): f⋅gf \cdot g

  • The product of two differentiable functions is always differentiable.
    ✅ Correct


Option (C): fg\frac{f}{g}

  • Division is differentiable only if the denominator is non-zero at c.

  • Given g(x)>1⇒g(c)>1⇒g(c)≠0g(x) > 1 \Rightarrow g(c) > 1 \Rightarrow g(c) \ne 0, so division is safe.
    ✅ Correct


Option (D): f∘g+g∘ff \circ g + g \circ f

We analyze both compositions:

  • f∘gf \circ g:
    g(x)∈(1,∞)⊂R⇒g(x)g(x) \in (1, \infty) \subset \mathbb{R} \Rightarrow g(x) is in domain of ff
    So f(g(x))f(g(x)) is well-defined.
    gg
    is differentiable at cc, and ff is differentiable at g(c)g(c), hence f∘gf \circ g is differentiable at cc.

  • g∘fg \circ f:
    f(x)∈R⇒f(x)f(x) \in \mathbb{R} \Rightarrow f(x) might not lie in the domain of gg (which is (1,∞)(1, \infty))
    So g(f(x))g(f(x)) may not be defined at all.

     

     

❌ Not always differentiable